Erythema nodosum is characterized by which of the following findings?

Erythema nodosum is indeed characterized by subcutaneous, tender nodules. These nodules typically appear on the lower extremities and are a type of panniculitis, which refers to inflammation of the subcutaneous fat. The nodules are often painful and can vary in size, presenting as erythematous swellings that may eventually resolve with residual pigmentation.

The histological finding associated with erythema nodosum often reveals septal panniculitis without vasculitis, which supports the diagnosis. Recognition of these tender nodules is essential in diagnosing erythema nodosum, particularly since it can be associated with various underlying conditions, including infections, medications, and autoimmune diseases.

Other options do not depict the features of erythema nodosum accurately. Brown pigmentation on the lower extremities suggests post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation but does not describe the acute inflammatory nodules that are characteristic of erythema nodosum. Tender lymph nodes in the groin suggest a different process, such as lymphadenitis or infection, rather than a dermatological condition like erythema nodosum. Lastly, scaling red macules could refer to a variety of conditions, such as psoriasis or dermatitis but again do not represent the sub