How does discoid lupus erythematosus present on the skin?

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) classically presents on the skin as erythematous plaques that are often associated with scaling and scarring. These lesions are typically well-defined, are often found on sun-exposed areas such as the face, ears, and scalp, and may eventually evolve into depigmented scars as they heal. The scaling is a notable feature, as it can lead to keratotic changes on the surface of the plaques.

The involvement of scarring is significant because individuals with DLE can end up with permanent damage to the skin structure, unlike some other conditions that may resolve without scarring. This distinctive presentation helps dermatologists and healthcare providers recognize DLE and differentiate it from other dermatologic conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or contact dermatitis, which have different characteristics and manifestations.

The other options present different dermatological conditions. For instance, red, itchy bumps are more characteristic of conditions such as urticaria or insect bites. Blisters filled with clear fluid may suggest conditions like chickenpox or contact dermatitis. Lighter patches of skin could indicate conditions like vitiligo or tinea versicolor, which have different underlying pathophysiologies. Understanding the typical presentation of DLE is