Which systemic antihistamine is commonly used to treat urticaria?

Cetirizine is commonly used to treat urticaria because it is a second-generation antihistamine that has been shown to be effective in alleviating the symptoms associated with allergic reactions, including the skin lesions known as hives or urticaria. It works by blocking the H1 receptor, which reduces the release of histamine and consequently decreases itching, swelling, and redness.

Cetirizine offers several benefits in the management of urticaria. Unlike first-generation antihistamines, it has a lower sedative effect, making it suitable for daily use without significantly impairing a patient’s ability to function throughout the day. Additionally, it has a longer duration of action, often allowing for once-daily dosing, which can improve adherence to treatment regimens.

Other antihistamines listed are also effective in treating allergic conditions but may not be as commonly recognized or prescribed specifically for urticaria. For instance, while loratadine and fexofenadine are both second-generation antihistamines and have similar properties to cetirizine, studies have indicated that cetirizine may have a slightly better efficacy profile for the treatment of chronic urticaria. Diphenhydramine, being a first-generation antihistamine, can be